為資訊傳播的公正。全文轉載翻譯一篇澳媒文章，略有刪減。
Fruit and vegetable pickers in Australia are working up to 20 hours a day and for as little as $1 an hour, according to a shocking new report seen by Daily Mail Australia.
據澳大利亞每日*郵報的新報告，澳大利亞的水果和蔬菜採摘者每天工作20小時，每小時的工資僅為1美元。
【晨星海外註釋：這是標題，有吸引眼球的嫌疑】
Under Australian law, farmers do not have to pay the minimum wage to piece-rate workers, who instead get paid for the amount of fruit they pick.
根據澳大利亞法律，農民不必向計件工資的工人支付最低工資，他們只需按照採摘水果的數量獲得報酬。
The average hourly wage for picking lychees was just $12.10, less than half the minimum casual hourly rate of $24.80, while for asparagus the figure was $13.15, pineapples $13.85, grapes $13.90 and melons $14, the survey found.
調查發現，採摘荔枝的平均時薪僅為12.10美元，不到24.80美元的最低休閒時薪的一半，而蘆筍為13.15美元，菠蘿為13.85美元，葡萄為13.90美元，瓜類為14美元。
Piece-rate workers on grape and zucchini farms sometimes earn as little as $9 per day while blueberry farm workers can earn just $10 per day, according to a survey of 1,300 pickers by Unions NSW and the Migrant Workers' Centre.
新南威爾士州工會和民工中心對1300名採摘工人進行的一項調查顯示，葡萄和西葫蘆農場的計件工資工人有時每天只能掙9美元，而藍莓農場的工人每天只能掙10美元。
Some 15 per cent of piece-rate workers earned between $0 to $7 an hour and 29 per cent earned $8 to $11 an hour, while only two per cent earned $26 or more an hour.
約15%的計件工資工人每小時收入在0美元至7美元之間，29%的工人每小時收入在8美元至11美元之間，而只有2%的工人每小時收入在26美元或以上。
【晨星海外翻譯整理，歡迎轉發，搬運必究】
The survey, conducted between September and February, appeared to show that conditions are still bleak for many horticulture workers, who are mostly immigrants, despite a huge labor shortage due to the Covid-19 border closure.
2019冠狀病毒疾病的調查顯示，九月至二月，許多園藝工作者的處境仍然很慘淡，他們大多是移民，儘管由於CVID-19邊境關閉而造成了巨大的勞動力短缺。
The federal government has even offered $6,000 relocation payments to workers who move from cities but farmers still cannot get enough Australians to fill roles.
聯邦ZF甚至向從城市搬來的工人支付了6000美元的搬遷費，但農民仍然無法獲得足夠的澳大利亞人來填補空缺。
The work can be gruelling and hours can be long, with the survey revealing 115 blueberry pickers had worked at least one 20-hour day, while 49 melon pickers had worked a 19-hour shift and 55 apple pickers had done a 14-hour day.
調查顯示，115名藍莓採摘者每天至少工作20小時，49名甜瓜採摘者每天輪班工作19小時，55名蘋果採摘者每天工作14小時。（晨星海外註釋：這是1300名被調查者的資料）
Farmers say the best pickers can earn well above the minimum wage and argue the system is needed to make sure workers are doing their jobs - but unions say it leads to exploitation and want a minimum hourly rate instead.
農民們說，最好的採摘工人的收入可以遠遠高於最低工資，並認為需要建立這一制度來確保工人做好自己的工作——但工會表示，這會導致剝削，希望改為最低小時工資。
The results of the survey are in a report titled 'Working for $9 a day; Wage Theft and Human Rights Abuses on Australian Farms' which also recorded several reports of sexual harassment and abuse.
調查結果發表在一份題為“每天工作9美元；澳大利亞農場的工資盜竊和侵犯人權行為也記錄了幾起性騷擾和性虐待的報告。
Examples included employers threatening to refuse to give pay slips or sign off on a workers' visa extension; employers threatening to report workers to immigration authorities for deportation; and employers keeping hold of workers' passports.
例如，僱主威脅拒絕提供工資單或簽署工人簽證延期；僱主威脅要向移民當局報告工人被驅逐出境；僱主持有工人的護照。
Stories of harassment in the industry are common and regularly reach the national media. Last year, for example, one backpacker said she was forced to clean her manager's sprinklers wearing only a bikini.
該行業的騷擾故事很常見，並經常出現在國家媒體上。例如，去年，一名揹包客說，她被迫只穿比基尼清洗經理的灑水器。
【晨星海外翻譯整理，歡迎轉發，搬運必究】
Dozens of workers also said they had worked in return for only accommodation and food, were charged transport fees for a lift to work, or were forced to accept overcrowded accommodation provided by their employers.
數十名工人還表示，他們工作的回報只是住宿和食物，他們被收取搭便車上班的交通費，或者被迫接受僱主提供的過於擁擠的住宿。
Mark Morey, Unions NSW Secretary, said that workers are being treated like 'pawns' and huge overhaul is needed.
新南威爾士州工會秘書馬克·莫雷（Mark Morey）表示，工人被當作“馬前卒”對待，需要進行大規模改革。
'Farmers and the National Farmers' Federation have made fantasy submissions to the Fair Work Commission, claiming that the piece rates system allows workers to earn above the minimum wage.
“農民和全國農民聯合會向公平工作委員會提交了一份虛構的意見書，聲稱計件工資制度允許工人賺取高於最低工資的收入。
'However the toxic reality is that the overwhelming majority of workers in this sector are being ripped off,' he said.
他說，“然而，有害的現實是，這個行業的絕大多數工人都在被敲詐。”。
'They are also being treated like pawns, with about 12 per cent of those surveyed having worked as many as 20 hours a day under piece rates at least once, while a quarter of respondents say they have had shifts as short as one hour a day,' Mr Morey added.
莫雷補充說：“他們也被當作卒子對待，約12%的受訪者至少一次在計件工資制度下每天工作多達20小時，而四分之一的受訪者表示，他們每天的輪班時間只有一小時。”。
The report also found that 63 per cent of workers were not given a choice between working on a piece-rate or an hourly rate, as required by the The Horticulture Award.
報告還發現，63%的工人沒有按照園藝獎金的要求，在計件工資和小時工資之間做出選擇。
Some 84 per cent of respondents were on a temporary visa, while 11 per cent were Australian citizens and five per cent were permanent residents.
約84%的受訪者持臨時簽證，11%為澳大利亞公民，5%為永久居民。
【晨星海外翻譯整理，歡迎轉發，搬運必究】
Matt Kunkel, Migrant Workers Centre Director, said many farm managers were engaging in 'rampant wage theft and outright abuse'.
民工中心主任馬特·昆克爾（Matt Kunkel）說，許多農場經理正在“猖獗地盜竊工資和公然虐待”。
All workers, regardless of where they're from or their visa status, deserve to earn a living wage, work in safe conditions, and be treated with dignity and respect,' he said.
他說，所有工人，不管他們來自哪裡，也不管他們的身份如何，都應該獲得生活工資，在安全的條件下工作，並得到尊嚴和尊重的對待。
'Many are also responsible for injuries sustained by workers, along with discrimination, bullying, sexual assault and harassment.'
“許多人還應對工人遭受的傷害、歧視、欺凌、性侵犯和騷擾負責。”
The report recommends that the Fair Work Commission should amend the Horticulture Award to guarantee workers are paid at least the minimum wage.
報告建議公平工作委員會修改園藝獎金，以保證工人至少獲得最低工資。
The authors also want to see stronger oversight of backpackers' accommodation to make sure housing laws are adhered to and changes to the visa system to allow fruit pickers a pathway to permanent residency.
作者還希望看到加強對揹包客住宿的監管，以確保遵守住房法，並改變簽證制度，讓採摘水果的人獲得永久居留權。
【晨星海外翻譯整理，歡迎轉發，搬運必究】
It comes after an investigation by The McKell Institute in December found blueberry pickers in the Coffs Harbour region of New South Wales are being as little as $3 an hour and forced to stay in cramped, overpriced accommodation.
此前，麥肯爾研究所（McKell Institute）去年12月進行的一項調查發現，新南威爾士州科夫斯港地區的藍莓採摘者每小時僅需3美元，被迫住在狹窄、價格過高的住所。
Some have even been scammed by dodgy labour hire firms who issued fake payslips but never actually transferred the workers their money.
一些人甚至被狡猾的僱傭公司欺騙，這些公司發放假工資單，但從未真正將錢轉移給工人。
Australian backpacker Sally realised she had been scammed by a subcontractor when her pay failed to show up in her bank account.
澳大利亞揹包客莎莉意識到自己被一個分包商騙了，因為她的工資沒有出現在她的銀行賬戶上。
She messaged the person who hired her on WhatsApp but was spammed with 2,000 messages calling her a 'dog' and a 'pig'.
她在WhatsApp上給僱傭她的人發了資訊，但卻收到了2000條稱她為“狗”和“豬”的資訊。
Researchers who spent 12 weeks on the mid North Coast during the 2020 picking season also found several examples of workers being grossly underpaid.
研究人員在2020年採摘季節在中北海岸度過了12周，他們還發現了幾個工人工資嚴重偏低的例子。
Some were given as little as $7 a bucket to pick low-quality fruit – which sometimes worked out as $3 an hour - well below the award rate of $24 an hour.
有些人只得到了7美元一桶的低質量水果——有時是每小時3美元——遠低於每小時24美元的獎勵率。
In one case, 28 year old German worker Jonas earned an average of just $6.21 per hour for 17 days of back-breaking work.
在一個案例中，28歲的德國工人喬納斯在17天的艱苦工作中平均每小時只掙6.21美元。
【晨星海外翻譯整理，歡迎轉發，搬運必究】
Other backpackers described common employment arrangements where accommodation, transport, food, and even vital equipment like gloves and berry containers had to be bought directly from farm owners, reducing daily earnings.
其他揹包客描述了常見的就業安排，住宿、交通、食物，甚至手套和漿果容器等重要裝置都必須直接從農場主人那裡購買，從而減少了日常收入。
The investigation found that labour hire companies use Facebook, WeChat and Gumtree to falsely promote fruit-picking as fun work and lie about the potential wages.
調查發現，僱工公司利用Facebook、微信和Gumtree虛假宣傳採摘水果是一項有趣的工作，並謊報潛在工資。
One undercover investigator messaged a hiring company which offered a job picking fruit at $3.50-$4 per kilo in September 2020.
一名臥底調查員給一家招聘公司發了資訊，該公司在2020年9月提供了一份採摘水果的工作，價格為每公斤3.50至4美元。
Via Asian messaging app Line, the contractor said the workers would pick for 63 hours a week from 7am to 4pm every day, earning $600 at just $9.50 an hour.
透過亞洲資訊應用程式Line，該承包商表示，工人們將每週挑選63個小時，每天從早上7點到下午4點，每小時僅9.50美元，收入600美元。
The company also offered cramped share house accommodation for $130 a week.
該公司還以每週130美元的價格提供狹小的共享公寓。
The report said there was a 'considerable' power-imbalance between employers and workers because backpackers are required to complete 88 days of farm or mining work to qualify for a second-year visa to stay in Australia.
報告稱，僱主和工人之間存在著“相當大的”權力不平衡，因為揹包客需要完成88天的農場或採礦工作，才能獲得在澳大利亞停留的第二年簽證。
McKell Institute Policy Director Edward Cavanough said the backpackers he spoke to felt intimidated and 'powerless to complain'.
麥肯爾研究所政策主管愛德華·卡瓦諾說，與他交談的揹包客感到害怕，而且“無力抱怨”。
'These foreign workers are often aware they are being exploited, but feel frightened and uncertain about making formal complaints,' Mr Cavanough said.
卡瓦諾說，“這些外國工人經常意識到自己受到了剝削，但對正式投訴感到害怕和不確定。”。
'Those who do complain often face hurdles like language barriers and bureaucratic delays which means their allegations are never investigated.'
“那些確實抱怨的人經常面臨語言障礙和官僚拖延等障礙，這意味著他們的指控永遠不會被調查。”
AWU National Secretary Daniel Walton has called for a royal commission to investigate exploitation.
AWU國家秘書丹尼爾·沃爾頓呼籲成立一個皇家委員會來調查剝削行為。
'This shocking new report can be added to the mountain of research indicating that Australian farms have become a hotbed of wage theft, exploitation, and worker abuse. It's not just Coffs Harbour either – pick a spot on the map, and you will find outrageous exploitation,' Mr Walton said.
“這一令人震驚的新報告可以新增到大量研究中，表明澳大利亞農場已成為工資盜竊、剝削和虐待工人的溫床。沃爾頓說，這裡也不僅僅是咖啡港——在地圖上選一個位置，你會發現肆無忌憚的剝削。
'We'd like to see good farmers stand with us and call out the bad operators, rather than staying silent and let the rip offs continue.'
“我們希望看到好的農民和我們站在一起，叫出壞的經營者，而不是保持沉默，任由敲詐勒索繼續下去。”
【雖然我是做出國移民的，但是我希望大家理性看待出國這件事】
【晨星海外翻譯整理，歡迎轉發，搬運必究】
