還記得那個把中英雙語都很流利的“青蛙公主”谷愛凌難住的中國小吃韭菜盒子嗎？韭菜盒子的正式英文名稱是“Fried Chinese Leek Dumplings”。
在此表達中，Fried可看作形容詞，表示“油炸的，油煎的”。非常有名的肯德基的英文表達中也包含有這個詞，即Kentucky Fried Chicken，Fried一詞的動詞原形是fry / frai / ，意為“油炸；油煎；油炒”。
中國飲食文化博大精深，傳統的烹飪手法更是紛繁複雜，常見的二十八種烹飪方法有：炸、爆、燒、炒、溜、煮、汆、涮、蒸、燉、煨、燜、燴、扒、焗、煸、煎、塌、滷、醬、拌、熗、醃、凍、糟、醉、烤、燻。
下面，我們就來盤點下這些烹飪方法的英語表達。
炒 fry/sauté/stir-fry
如：炒臘肉 stir-fried smoked pork
炒河粉sautéed/ stir-fried rice noodles
炒大蝦stir-fried prawns
炸 deep-fry
如：炸肉夾茄 fried eggplant with meat stuffing
酥炸雞胸 deep-fried crispy chicken breast
爆 fry/ sauté/ quick-fry
如：火爆腰花sautéed pig kidney
醬爆 fry/ sauté in bean sauce
如：XO醬爆乳鴿脯sautéed pigeon breast in XO sauce
蔥爆 quick-fry with scallion in ginger sauce
如：蔥爆羊肉quick-fried lamb with scallion in ginger sauce；
fried mutton slice with green scallion
燒/煨/燜/燴 braise
如：油燜筍 braised bamboo shoots
燴雞絲 braised chicken shreds with peas
紅燒 braise with/ in brown sauce
如：紅燒海參 sea cucumbers in brown sauce
紅燒肘子 braised pork joint/ pork leg braised in brown sauce
叉燒 grill/ roast pork
如：四季豆叉燒 roast pork with string beans
蘑菇叉燒 roast pork with mushrooms
熘 sauté /quick-fry（with thick gravy）
如：熘魚片 fish slices sautéed
醋溜白菜sautéed cabbage in vinegar sauce/ gravy
糟熘魚片 fish slices with dregs of wine/ in distilled grains sauce
扒 grill/ braise
如：鐵扒桂魚 grilled mandarin fish
德州扒雞 braised chicken, Dezhou style
煎 fry/ pan-fry
如：鹽煎肉 fried pork slices with salted pepper
蔥油煎餅fried scallion pancake
煮 boil/ poach
如：煮鹹牛肉 boiled corned beef
白斬雞 boiled chicken
涮 instant-boil
如：涮羊肉instant-boiled mutton slices
白灼 scald/ boil
如：白灼西蘭花scalded broccoli
白灼蝦boiled prawns
燉，煨 braise/ stew
如：冰糖燉雪梨 stewed sweet pear with white fungus
番茄燉牛腩 braised beef brisket with tomato
清燉甲魚 stewed turtle in clear soup
烤 barbecue/ roast/ broil
barbecue指戶外燒烤用
roast 是烘，烤，焙（肉等）
broil（在鐵架上）烤，焙（肉或魚）
燉菜/砂鍋菜/燴菜 casserole
如：砂鍋魚翅 shark’s fin in casserole
砂鍋獅子頭meatballs in earthen-pot
煲clay pot
如：粉絲蝦米雜菜煲 rice noodles vegetables clay pot
燻 smoke
如：家鄉燻蹄 home-made pig’s trotters
蒸 steam
如：蒸腸粉 steamed rice rolls
粉蒸 steamed in/with rice flour
如：米粉蒸肉 steamed pork with rice flour
清蒸 steamed (in clear soup)
如：清蒸鱸魚 steamed bass
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