“冰絲帶”舞動神州，“雪如意”靈動八方。為服務冬奧會籌辦工作，市政府外辦聯合北京外語廣播製作“牽手冬奧”市民講外語公益講座，用中英雙語介紹北京冬奧會比賽專案和主要場館，普及宣傳冬奧知識。在北京冬奧會倒計時100天之際，小編帶你一起分三期學習這些冬奧詞彙用英文怎麼說！
冬奧會部分比賽專案
1. Figure skating 花樣滑冰
Singles events are performed by one person, whereas a pair event is always a man and a woman, who together perform difficult and amazing tricks such as spins and jumps as they skate across the smooth surface of the ice. Ice dancing is similar to pairs figure skating. It is always done by a team comprised of a man and a woman. They must do four dances, and two of these dances are the same for all dancers. The other two dances are called the "original dance" and "free dance" respectively. The skaters are ranked by judges according to their technical score and presentation score.
男女單人滑比賽中，比賽按短節目和自由滑的順序分兩天進行。雙人滑由一名男運動員和一名女運動員配對參賽，分短節目和自由滑兩個專案，兩個專案總分構成最終成績。冰上舞蹈由一男一女配對比賽，比賽按短舞蹈和自由舞的順序進行。雙人滑和冰上舞蹈的主要區別在於技術動作。
2. Short track speed skating 短道速滑
The short track events occur on a 111-meter oval track. The skaters race in a pack of 4-8 at a time, and the first person crossing the finish line is the winner.
短道速滑專案通常在室內冰場舉行，比賽所用跑道周長約111米。短道速滑比賽採用淘汰制，4到8運動員在同一條起跑線上起跑出發，以到達終點先後順序論勝負。
3. Bobsleigh 雪車
Bobsleigh is a winter sport invented by the Swiss in the 19th century. In 1924, a four-man race took place at the first ever Olympic Winter Games in Chamonix. A two-man event was added at the 1932 Lake Placid Games in a format that has remained to the present. The first women's bobsleigh event - the two-woman bobsled - was held in 2002 at the Salt Lake Winter Games in the United States.
19世紀末期，雪車運動在瑞士出現。1924年，在法國夏蒙尼第一屆冬奧會上，男子四人雪車被列入正式比賽專案。1932年美國普萊西德湖第三屆冬奧會增設男子雙人雪車，2002年美國鹽湖城第19屆冬奧會首次設定女子雙人比賽。
4. Skeleton 鋼架雪車
Skeleton is considered the world's first sliding sport. Skeleton appeared at the 1928 and 1948 St. Moritz Winter Games. These were indeed its only two appearances before it was permanently added to the Olympic program in 2002 at the Salt Lake Winter Games. Since then, there have been two events: one men's and one women's.
鋼架雪車被認為是世界上第一項滑行運動。1928年和1948年的聖莫里茨冬奧會，是鋼架雪車專案在奧運會的兩次亮相，也是該專案迴歸2002年鹽湖城冬奧會之前僅有的兩次亮相。從2002年冬奧會開始鋼架雪車男子和女子專案正式列入冬奧會比賽專案。
5. Nordic Combined 北歐兩項
Nordic combined is a winter sport in which athletes compete incross-country skiing and ski jumping. Until the 1950s, the cross-country race was held first, followed by the ski jumping. This was reversed as the score advantage in the cross-country race tended to be too big to overcome in ski jumping.
北歐兩項是一個包含了越野滑雪和跳臺滑雪的冬季體育專案。20世紀50年代前，運動員先進行的是越野滑雪的比賽，之後再參加跳臺滑雪，後來對比賽順序進行了調整，因為運動員在越野滑雪所獲得的得分優勢，很難在跳臺滑雪當中被趕超。
6. Cross-country skiing 越野滑雪
Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain, rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance. Cross-country skiing is widely practiced as a sport and recreational activity; however, some still use it as a means of transportation.
越野滑雪是一項靠滑雪運動員自身力量在雪地前行的一項滑雪運動。運動員需要穿越大雪覆蓋的田野，同時在前行的時候，不需要上山吊椅或其他的輔助裝置來進行運動。越野滑雪既是一項大眾非常喜歡的體育運動，同時也是一個幫助大家放鬆休閒的活動，也有人把越野滑雪當作自己的交通方式。
7. Alpine skiing 高山滑雪
Alpine skiing is one of the signature competitions at the Winter Olympics. Competitors regularly reach speeds of up to 152 km/h, all while navigating a winding course full of sharp turns and soaring jumps. There are 11 events in the Alpine competition at the 2022 Games, with 33 medals up for grabs. Alpine skiing is one of the most physically demanding sports in the Winter Olympic Games, which is arguably reflected in the fact that in the entire history of Alpine skiing at the Winter Games, only five athletes have successfully defended their Olympic crowns across all events in the competition.
高山滑雪是冬奧會的標誌性比賽專案之一。2022年北京冬奧會的高山滑雪比賽分為11個小項，將產生33枚獎牌。比賽時，選手們在彎曲的賽道上快速回轉、滑降，速度能達到152公里/小時。高山滑雪是冬奧會中對體力要求最高的運動專案之一，歷屆冬奧會的高山滑雪比賽中，只有5名運動員成功衛冕。
8. Ski jumping 跳臺滑雪
Ski jumping has been a part of the Winter Olympic programme since the first Games in Chamonix in 1924, when the men's large hill was the sole event. A normal hill competition was added for the 1964 Innsbruck Games, with the men's team large hill joining the programme in 1988. The women's competition was only added for the 2014 Sochi Games, while the mixed team event is new for 2022.
自1924年夏蒙尼冬奧會起，跳臺滑雪成為了冬奧會的比賽專案，當時唯一的比賽專案是男子大跳臺。在1964年因斯布魯克冬奧會中，個人標準臺專案被列入比賽專案。1988年，男子大跳臺團體專案成為冬奧會比賽專案。在2014年索契冬奧會上，女子跳臺滑雪專案被列為比賽專案。2022年北京冬奧會新增混合團體專案作為比賽專案。
（圖片來源：新華社、中新社、冬奧組委官網）
