讀外刊《科學》學英語

Flexible artificial Si-In-Zn-O/ion gel synapse and its application to sensory-neuromorphic system for sign language translation

柔性人工矽銦鋅氧離子凝膠突觸及其在手語翻譯感覺神經形態系統中的應用

重點詞彙

flexible柔韌的；有彈性的；易彎曲的；靈活的；可變通的；適應力強的

artificial人工的；人造的；虛偽的；做作的；非自然存在的；人為的；假的；按約定而非隨意的

ion離子

synapse突觸

application to應用於；適用

sensory感覺的；感官的

system一套相連的事物；制度；體制；用弧線連為一體的譜表；系統；方法；秩序；條理

sign language手勢語

translation翻譯；移動；譯文；譯本；轉換；轉譯；平移

We propose a flexible artificial synapse based on a silicon-indium-zinc-oxide (SIZO)/ion gel hybrid structure directly fabricated on a polyimide substrate, where the channel conductance is effectively modulated via ion movement in the ion gel.

我們提出了一種基於直接在聚醯亞胺襯底上製備的矽銦鋅氧化物(SIZO)/離子凝膠雜化結構的柔性人工突觸，其中透過離子凝膠中的離子運動有效地調節通道電導。

This synaptic operation is possible because of the low-temperature deposition process of the SIZO layer (<150°C) and the surface roughness improvement of the poly(4-vinylphenol) buffer layer (12.29→1.81 nm).

這種突觸操作是可能的，因為SIZO層(< 150℃)的低溫沉積工藝和聚(4-乙烯基苯酚)緩衝層(12.29→1.81 nm)的表面粗糙度改善。

The flexible synaptic device exhibits extremely stable synaptic performance under high mechanical (bending 1500 times with a radius of 5 mm) and electrical stress (application of voltage pulses 104 times) without any degradation.

柔性突觸裝置在高機械應力(彎曲1500次，半徑為5毫米)和電應力(施加電壓脈衝104次)下表現出極其穩定的突觸效能，而沒有任何退化。

Last, a sensory-neuromorphic system for sign language translation, which consists of stretchable resistive sensors and flexible artificial synapses, is designed and successfully evaluated via training and recognition simulation using hand sign patterns obtained by stretchable sensors (maximum recognition rate, 99.4%).

最後，設計了一個用於手語翻譯的感覺神經形態系統，該系統由可拉伸的電阻感測器和柔性人工突觸組成，並透過使用由可拉伸感測器獲得的手勢模式的訓練和識別模擬成功地進行了評估(最大識別率，99.4%)。

重點詞彙

synapse突觸

indium銦

polyimide聚醯亞胺

conductance電導；電導率；電導係數

modulated調整；變調；調節；（modulate的過去式）；被調的；調節的

synaptic突觸的

surface roughness表面粗糙度；表面粗糙；表面的粗糙度

sign language手勢語

stretchable可伸縮的；可拉伸的；有彈性的

resistive抗…的；耐…的；電阻的

Because Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are being used by not only industries but also individuals, there has been a rapid increase in the demand for portable smart electronic devices that can be connected to the data cloud networks anywhere and anytime.

由於物聯網技術不僅被行業使用，也被個人使用，因此對可隨時隨地連線到資料雲網絡的行動式智慧電子裝置的需求迅速增加。

In particular, flexible electronics have recently attracted notable attention as future technologies related to robotics and smart health care systems because of their universal applicability and mechanical flexibility.

特別是，柔性電子產品由於其普遍適用性和機械靈活性，最近吸引了與機器人和智慧醫療保健系統相關的未來技術的顯著關注。

In recent years, there have been many efforts to implement flexible electronic devices using various materials, such as organic thin films, two-dimensional (2D) materials, and amorphous oxide semiconductors (AOSs).

近年來，已經做出了許多努力來實現使用各種材料的柔性電子器件，例如有機薄膜、二維(2D)材料和非晶氧化物半導體。

Among them, AOSs have shown good potential for flexible electronics in terms of fabrication process, such as low cost, high reliability, and low-temperature processing.

其中，AOS在低成本、高可靠性和低溫加工等製造工藝方面顯示出柔性電子的良好潛力。

Choi et al. reported a flexible silicon-indium-zinc-oxide (SIZO) thin-film transistor (TFT) with good mechanical stability at high strain.

Choi等人報道了一種在高應變下具有良好機械穩定性的柔性矽銦鋅氧化物薄膜電晶體。SIZO薄膜電晶體在150℃的柔性聚醯亞胺(PI)襯底上製造。

The SIZO-TFT was fabricated on a flexible polyimide (PI) substrate at 150°C. Sim et al. demonstrated multifunctional stretchable human-machine interface (HMI) devices using sol-gel-on-polymer-processed IZO semiconductor nanomembranes.

Sim等人展示了使用聚合物處理的IZO半導體奈米膜上的溶膠-凝膠的多功能可拉伸人機介面(HMI)裝置。

The HMI devices can be easily worn by humans and can also be implemented as prosthetic skin for robotics.

人機介面裝置可以很容易地被人類佩戴，也可以實現為機器人的人工面板。

Cantatore and co-workers implemented a flexible electrocardiogram (ECG) patch on foil with self-aligned indium-gallium-zinc-oxide TFTs.

Cantatore和同事在箔片上實現了一種具有自對準銦鎵鋅氧化物薄膜電晶體的柔性心電圖貼片。

The flexible ECG patch could amplify the measured analog ECG signals and convert them to a digital output for biomedical analysis.

靈活的心電貼片可以放大測量的模擬心電訊號，並將其轉換為數字輸出，用於生物醫學分析。

重點詞彙

rapid increase迅速增加

anytime隨時

attracted吸引；引起讚美；誘引；（attract的過去式和過去分詞）；引起；引起某人興趣

notable值得注意的；顯著的；名人；要人

robotics機器人學；機器人技術

applicability適用性；適應性

two-dimensional二維的；平面的；沒有深度的；膚淺的

amorphous無固定形狀的；不規則的；無組織的；無明確目標的；非結晶的

semiconductors半導體；半導體裝置；（semiconductor的複數）

fabrication process製作工藝；製作過程；製備工藝

Meanwhile, the demand for future artificial intelligence systems has led to an expansion in the research scope of flexible electronics to neuromorphic devices.

與此同時，對未來人工智慧系統的需求導致柔性電子學的研究範圍擴充套件到神經形態裝置。

Most of the relevant research has focused on the development of synaptic devices, which are the most important components of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for neuromorphic computing technology.

大多數相關研究都集中在突觸裝置的開發上，突觸裝置是神經形態計算技術中人工神經網路最重要的組成部分。

Recently, various flexible synaptic devices have been reported.

最近，已經報道了各種柔性突觸裝置。

Shim et al. reported a stretchable synaptic transistor based on elastomeric electronic materials, where its synaptic characteristics were retained even when stretched to 150%.

Shim等人報道了一種基於彈性電子材料的可拉伸突觸電晶體，即使拉伸到150%，其突觸特性也得以保持。

Ham et al. fabricated a 1D fiber-shaped wearable synapse based on a ferroelectric organic transistor, which exhibited excellent reliability under 6000 repeated input stimuli and mechanical bending stress.

Ham等人基於鐵電有機晶體管制作了1D光纖形狀的可穿戴突觸，在6000次重複輸入刺激和機械彎曲應力下表現出優異的可靠性。

Zhao et al. implemented an ionic polymer–based flexible synapse, where its synaptic performance was sustained even when bent to 360° and under 104 pulse cycles.

Zhao等人實現了一種基於離子聚合物的柔性突觸，其突觸效能即使在彎曲到360°和低於104個脈衝週期時也能保持。

重點詞彙

artificial intelligence人工智慧

synaptic突觸的

stretchable可伸縮的；可拉伸的；有彈性的

elastomeric人造橡膠的；彈性體的

stretched伸展；延伸；（stretch的過去式和過去分詞）

wearable可穿用的；可佩帶的；可穿戴計算機；衣服

synapse突觸

ferroelectric鐵電的；鐵電體

exhibited展覽；表現；展出；顯示；陳列；（exhibit的過去式和過去分詞）

stimuli刺激；刺激物；（stimulus的複數）

Interesting studies on flexible synaptic devices have been recently reported, where a simple neural system consisting of artificial synapses and sensors was demonstrated.

最近報道了關於柔性突觸裝置的有趣研究，其中展示了由人工突觸和感測器組成的簡單神經系統。

This neural system was referred to as a sensory-neuromorphic system; the system mimicked the nervous system, was capable of the transduction and processing of signals sensed in real time, and afforded biological benefits such as fault tolerance and low power consumption.

這個神經系統被稱為感覺神經形態系統；該系統模仿神經系統，能夠對實時感知的訊號進行轉換和處理，並提供了生物優勢，如容錯和低功耗。

Thus far, many studies on sensory-neuromorphic systems have been conducted.

迄今為止，已經進行了許多關於感覺神經形態系統的研究。

For instance, in 2017, a tactile perception system consisting of organic-based synaptic transistors and pressure sensors was proposed by Zang et al.

例如，在2017年，Zang等人提出了一個由基於有機物的突觸電晶體和壓力感測器組成的觸覺感知系統.

Kim et al., in 2018, implemented an artificial afferent nerve system composed of flexible synaptic transistors and pressure sensors, highlighting that the synaptic transistor can be used to interface with biological efferent nerves to form a complete monosynaptic reflex arc.

Kim等在2018年實現了一個由柔性突觸電晶體和壓力感測器組成的人工傳入神經系統，突出了突觸電晶體可用於與生物傳出神經介面，形成完整的單突觸反射弧。

In 2020, Kim et al. reported a tactile sensory-neuromorphic system based on tactile sensors and carbon nanotube (CNT)–based synapses.

2020年，Kim等人報道了一種基於觸覺感測器和基於碳奈米管的突觸的觸覺感覺神經形態系統。

They highlighted the potential to further improve the technologies used in cyborg and neuromorphic system by endowing supramodal perceptual capabilities.

他們強調了透過賦予超模態感知能力來進一步改進電子人和神經形態系統中使用的技術的潛力。

Although the proof of feasibility of the flexible synaptic devices and sensor-embedded synapses was performed, more studies on synaptic performance evaluation are still required for the application to complex ANNs.

儘管已經證明了柔性突觸裝置和感測器嵌入突觸的可行性，但對於複雜人工神經網路的應用，仍需要更多的突觸效能評估研究。

Moreover, there have been few studies involving an entire system-level performance investigation via the training and recognition tasks using data obtained by the sensors thoroughly.

此外，很少有研究涉及透過訓練和識別任務，利用感測器獲得的資料進行完整的系統級效能研究。

重點詞彙

synaptic突觸的

mimicked模仿；摹擬；（mimic的過去式）

transduction轉換；換能；變頻

sensed意識到；感覺到；領會；檢測；（sense的過去式和過去分詞）

in real time實時；進行實時；在實時

afforded提供；給予；買得起；（afford的過去式和過去分詞）

fault tolerance容錯；容錯性

low power低功率；小功率

tactile觸覺的；與觸覺相關的；真實的；可觸知的；能觸到的；碰觸的

afferent傳入的；輸入的；傳入神經纖維

Here, we report a flexible synaptic device based on a SIZO/ion gel hybrid structure that maintains a highly stable performance under mechanical and electrical stress.

在這裡，我們報告了一種基於SIZO/離子凝膠混合結構的柔性突觸裝置，該裝置在機械和電應力下保持高度穩定的效能。

The SIZO semiconducting channel was successfully formed on a poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVP)–coated flexible PI substrate via the low-temperature SIZO deposition process, and the surface roughness was improved by the PVP buffer layer.

透過低溫SIZO沉積工藝，在塗有聚(4-乙烯基苯酚)的柔性聚醯亞胺襯底上成功形成SIZO半導體溝道，並透過PVP緩衝層改善了表面粗糙度。

To evaluate the performance stability with mechanical flexibility and durability, we investigate the static and dynamic characteristics of the synaptic device with respect to the bending radius and cycle.

為了評估具有機械靈活性和耐久性的效能穩定性，我們研究了突觸裝置相對於彎曲半徑和週期的靜態和動態特性。

Then, the optimization of the dynamic range (Gmax/Gmin) and asymmetricity (AS) of long-term potentiation/depression (LTP/D) is conducted via pulse engineering, followed by an examination of the relevant cycle-to-cycle variations.

然後，透過脈衝工程對長時程增強/抑制的動態範圍(Gmax/Gmin)和不對稱性(AS)進行最佳化，隨後檢查相關的週期間變化。

Last, we conduct training and recognition tasks for sign language patterns obtained from prefabricated stretchable sensors and evaluate the performance of flexible sensory-neuromorphic systems.

最後，我們對從預製可伸展感測器獲得的手語模式進行訓練和識別任務，並評估柔性感覺神經形態系統的效能。

重點詞彙

synaptic突觸的

semiconducting有半導體特性的

poly聚酯纖維；POLYESTER的簡稱

coated為…提供外層；給…塗層；裹上；包上；（coat的過去式和過去分詞）；塗上一層的；覆蓋著的；穿外套的；上塗料的

low-temperature低溫的；低溫

surface roughness表面粗糙度；表面粗糙；表面的粗糙度

durability耐久性

bending radius彎曲半徑；曲半徑；折彎半徑

dynamic range力度變化範圍；力度比；最強音與最弱音之比

potentiation增強；強化

基於多年的語言學習實踐，發現，隨著社會的飛速發展，英語、漢語等重要語言也在不斷的與時俱進。這個時候，我們以不變應萬變的方法之一，可以是閱讀主流刊物。

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